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20 March 2016, Volume 13 Issue 3 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Effects of Baicalin on Activity of Influenza A Virus RNA Polymerase by Silencing Host Factors PACT GUO Shan-shan, BAO Lei, CUI Xiao-lan 2016, 13(3): 129-131.  Abstract ( 319 )   PDF (1428KB) ( 204 )   Objective To observe effects of baicalin on influenza A virus RNA polymerase before and after silencing the PACT protein. Methods Dual luciferase reporter gene approach was used to detect relative expression of influenza A virus polymerase in 293T cells, and judge the influence of influenza A virus polymerase by treatment with baicalin before and after silencing the PACT protein. Results Baicalin could decrease the relative expression of influenza A virus RNA polymerase, and the effects were more obvious by silencing the host factors PACT. Conclusion Silencing the PACT protein and treating with baicalin can reduce the activity of influenza A virus RNA polymerase. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Application of ATP Bioluminescence Assay in Chemosenstitivity of Acute Myeloid Leukemia Cells by ATP Bioluminescence in Vitro WANG Yin-ying, LIU Cong-yan, ZHANG Wei, HE Jing-juan, SU Li, SUN Wan-ling 2016, 13(3): 132-137.  Abstract ( 312 )   PDF (1109KB) ( 153 )   Objective To preliminarily explore the clinical value of ATP bioluminescence tumor chemosensitivity assay (ATP-TCA) in patients with acute myeloid leukemia (AML). Methods Peripheral blood or bone marrow mononuclear cells separated from newly diagnosed AML specimens were tested in vitro for cancer chemosensitivity to eight kinds of drugs by ATP-TCA, which was used for observing the susceptibility results in vitro and analyzing the relationships among the susceptibility results in vitro, risk stratification and clinical efficacy. Results Eighteen cases of AML patients displayed different sensitivities to these eight kinds of drugs in vitro.Different drugs had different tumor growth inhibition ratio in vitro, of which the highest efficiency is aclarubicin and the highest inefficiency is pirarubicin. Fourteen cases of de novo AML patients were evaluable for clinical efficacy. Entirely consistent rate between the susceptibility in vitro and clinical efficacy was 78.6%, according to the susceptibility results of anthracycline in chemotherapy regimens. Clinical efficacy (P=0.012) and survival time (P=0.018) in patients with three different groups of risk stratification were statistically significant. Patients in high-risk groups had the shortest lifetime. Conclusion The results of ATP-TCA assay were correlated well with clinical treatment responses. The assay may be an important and effective method for individual-based chemotherapy of AML, especially in elderly AML. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Inhibition and Mechanism of Astragaloside Ⅳ on H22 Ascites in BALB/C Mice WU Jian-yi, SHEN Qing, JIN Yun-jie, YAO Xiao-xiang, ZHU Ji-hua, ZHU Lin-yu, HUANG Xiao-dong 2016, 13(3): 138-142.  Abstract ( 366 )   PDF (3433KB) ( 316 )   Objective To investigate the inhibition of astragaloside Ⅳ(AsⅣ) on H22 ascites in BALB/C mice and its mechanism. Methods H22 ascites mouse model was established by i.p. injecting 100 BALB/C mice with H22 cells. Mice were then divided randomly into 5 groups: negative control (0.9 % normal saline), positive control (DDP 0.5 mg·kg-1), low AsⅣ dose (0.3 mg·kg-1),intermediate AsⅣ dose (1.0 mg·kg-1) and high AsⅣ dose (3.0 mg·kg-1), 20 of each group, once a day for 14 days. 24 hours after the end of the treatment, mice of each group were executed, calculated the volume of ascites,cell-inhibition rate and the diameter of largest nodule . The content of VEGF in ascites was detected by ELISA, the protein expression was made by immunohistochemical detection of VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, AQP-1 and CD31. Results The volume of ascites, largest nodule diameter, tumor cell viability and the content of VEGF were decreased, compared with negative group, the difference was statistically significant (P<0.05). Also the protein expression of VEGF, MMP-2, MMP-9, AQP-1 and CD31 were decreased, compared with negative group. Conclusion H22 ascites in BALB/C mice were inhibited by astragaloside Ⅳ(AsⅣ) through the angiogenesis, inhibiting metastasis associated genes and the expression of aquaporin(AQPs). References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Content Determination of Urapidil by Potentiometry Titration and HPLC GENG Qing-guang， ZHI Xue-ying， GUO Huan-ying， 2016, 13(3): 143-145.  Abstract ( 443 )   PDF (1002KB) ( 181 )   Objective To confirm the content determination method of urapidil in raw materials more scientifically and reasonably. Methods Mettler DL-55 potentiometric titration was used to titrate the content of urapidil by perchloric acid. Acetic acid and acetic anhydride were used as solvent. HPLC method was performed on a Syncronis C18 column (100 mm×2.1 mm,1.7 μm). The mobile phase was acetonitrile-0.05 mol·L-1 NaH2PO4 (20:80) with the flowing rate of 1.0 mL·min-1. The detection wavelength was set at 268 nm and the column temperature at 35℃. Results The average recovery rate of potentiometry titration was 99.98% and RSD was 0.41% (n=3). The average recovery rate of HPLC was 100.93% and RSD was 0.60% (n=3). The results of potentiometry titration and HPLC had significant statistic difference, and the recovery rate of potentiometry titration was closer to 100%. Conclusion Potentiometry titration could avoid the error due to the standard substance. The method is simple, fast, accurate and can be used to determine the content of urapidil. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on the Preparation Process of Tazarotene Cream and Its Stability DENG Jian-hua,YANG Hong,WANG Fu-dong 2016, 13(3): 146-147.  Abstract ( 350 )   PDF (957KB) ( 272 )   Objective To study the preparation process of tazarotene cream and its stability. Methods Orthogonal design was used to optimize the formula of tazrotene cream. The determination of tazarotene was carried out by HPLC method. Results The optimal formulation contained carbomer 934P, carbomer 1342, liquid paraffin as consistency regulator, span-80 as asemulsifier, benzyl alcohol as preservatives, disodium edetate as sequestering agent. Conclusion The preparation process of tazarotene is simple and available, the quality and stability of the tazarotene cream is good. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Mechanisms of Medical Device Adverse Event Information Management in China DONG Fang, WANG Gang, GUAN Wei, ZHENG Li-jia 2016, 13(3): 148-153.  Abstract ( 399 )   PDF (948KB) ( 239 )   Objective To probe into the mechanisms of medical device adverse event information management, so as to provide reference for medical device post-marketing risk management in China. Methods The mechanisms of medical device adverse event information management suitable for China were proposed by analyzing the domestic present status and referencing the mode in Europe and USA. Results The mechanisms of medical device adverse event initial report sharing, evaluating by manufacturer as main body and publicizing and notifying risk information by different types were proposed. The actions of establishing these mechanisms were also suggested. Conclusion Establishing new mechanism of medical device adverse event information management can ensure the better running of medical device post-marketing risk management in China and improve the efficiency of medical device post-marketing regulation. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Demand Investigation of Interconnection between Hospital Information System and National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System in China YU Chao， XU Yu-ming， LI Xin-ling， WANG Ling， ZHOU Juan， WAN Kai-hua， XU Jin， YUAN Xin-dong 2016, 13(3): 154-158.  Abstract ( 495 )   PDF (1099KB) ( 216 )   Objective To study the current state of construction of domestic hospital information system (HIS) and the national adverse drug reaction monitoring system (NADRMS), and to collect and confirm the demands of hospital for the connection of HIS and NADRMS. Methods The Methods of analyzing literature, consultation, questionnaire survey, interviewing and on-scene observation were used, 34 medical institutions from 6 provinces, namely Heilongjiang, Shanghai, Chongqing, Gansu, Yunnan, and Jiangxi were investigated by stratified sampling method according to geographical location. 362 medical workers were investigated, including heads of hospital information technology department and ADR monitoring personnel, and 362 questionnaires were received. Results 34 tertiary hospitals were all non-profit ones with more than 1 000 rated beds, the average number of in-service staff was 1 824, and average outpatient amount of the prior year was above 1.08 million person-time. 76.47% (26/34) of those hospitals mainly reported ADR reports manually, and didn’t build hospital ADR monitoring system. 85.29% of the hospital HIS were able to do secondary development. On the issue of the type of communicating HIS and NADRMS, 64.71% of the hospital selected the type of automatic exchange through the interchanger. The functional requirements of docking were mainly divided into four categories: the system maintenance, daily service, ADR enquiry and statistics, and clinical application and decision-making assistance, their rates of overall demand were 100%, 90.33%, 80.94% and 100% respectively. Conclusion This paper established functions of docking system that mainly include four types of demand function, namely the system maintenance, daily service, ADR enquiry and statistics, and clinical application and decision-making assistance. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Discussion on How Drug Manufacturers Fulfill the First Person Responsibilities of Post-marketing Drug Safety PENG Li-Li, FAN Yan, LI Xin-ling 2016, 13(3): 159-161.  Abstract ( 365 )   PDF (1041KB) ( 281 )   Objective To help drug manufacturers to understand and recognize the significance and their dominant position in the adverse drug reaction (ADR) monitoring work. Methods Based on the analysis of relevant regulations, the problems of the domestic drug manufacturers in ADR reporting and monitoring were analyzed, and related suggestions on how to develop and implement ADR reporting and monitoring were put forward. Results and Conclusion Drug manufacturers should strengthen their cognition and understanding of ADR monitoring and reporting, structure the quality management system, set up expert organizations and full-time personnel responsible for ADR monitoring. At the same time, drug manufacturers should strengthen their internal training to commit the responsibility of “drug safety first person” actively. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research Progress on Pharmacology and Toxicology of the Volatile Oil Components from Evodia Fructus YIN Li-shun， SUN Rong 2016, 13(3): 162-164.  Abstract ( 416 )   PDF (934KB) ( 373 )   Objective To summarize the current research status of pharmacology and toxicology of the volatile oil components from Evodia Fructus for further research on its relativity, and provide the literature accordance and research ideas. Methods References in the last decades at home and abroad about the volatile oil components from Evodia Fructus were collated, analyzed and summarized. Results The volatile oil is one of the main chemical composition of Evodia Fructus. Evodia Rutaecarpa olefin and Evodia lactone have been isolated from the volatile oil at present, which mainly has analgesic action, bacteriostasis and promoting sympathetic nerve-adrenal function, and so on. Modern toxicology studies showed that volatile oil can induce certain acute liver damage. Conclusion The volatile oil is efficacy material basis and toxicity material basis, but the research is isolated, lacks of relevance, so efficacy should be not only studied, but also toxicity is studied at the same time, to provide the experimental data and literature evidence for reasonable and safe development of the volatile oil from Evodia Fructus. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Literature Review and Risk Assessment of Hyoscymi Semen JIANG YI-fan， GAO Jian-chao， TIAN Chun-hua， ZHAO Yan， PENG Dan-bing， XIA Dong-sheng 2016, 13(3): 165-168.  Abstract ( 353 )   PDF (1021KB) ( 667 )   Objective To summarize the researches of Hyoscymi Semen, and explore its risks in clinical practices. Methods The literatures of Hyoscyamus niger L. seeds were collected and summarized in the aspects of herbalogy, chemical constituents, pharmacology, toxicity, processing, and so on. Results Hyoscymi Semen has a long history of medicinal usage, which has been recorded in many ancient medical books. Modern studies have shown that hyoscine and atropine are the main composition mediating the pharmacological and toxic effects of Hyoscymi Semen. A lot of poisoning cases caused by accidental ingestion of high doses of Hyoscymi Semen. seeds have been reported, which were expressed as dry mouth, skin reddening, restlessness, tachycardia, dilated pupils, urinary retention, constipation, and even coma. It has been reported in the literatures that Hyoscymi Semen were primarily used in the external treatment of the lumps, pain, infection, fester of skin etc. Conclusion Hyoscymi Semen is documented as a hypertoxic drug in Chinese pharmacopoeia. There were many risks of Hyoscymi Semen in literatures such as poisoning induced by misidentification or misuse of easily confused medicinal materials, irrational usage and dosage as well as long-time application of Hyoscymi Semen in the treatment of injured skin as recorded in folk prescriptions, and furthermore, there were no acknowledged processing and poison reducing Methods of Hyoscymi Semen so far. The risks mentioned above should be seriously considered in the clinical application of Hyoscymi Semen. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Literature Analysis of 178 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Mailuoning Injection SUN Li ,TANG Han-wu 2016, 13(3): 169-172.  Abstract ( 313 )   PDF (990KB) ( 217 )   Abstract:Objective To analyze general regularity and characteristics of Mailuoning injection-induced ADRs,and provide references for clinical rational drug use. Methods Literatures about Mailuoning injection-induced ADRs published between 1992 and 2015 were retrieved,and 178 ADR cases reports were analyzed statistically. Results Mailuoning injection-induced ADRs had no association with gender,and often occurred in patients between 41~65 years old, 62.92% cases occurred within 30 mins after medication ,and the ADR cases mainly manifested as systemic damage and respiratory system damage. The main clinical manifestations were dyspnea and allergic shock. There were 2 death cases,and other patients recovered after symptomatic treatment. Conclusion Mailuoning injection can induce serious adverse reactions,and some kinds of ADRs were undescribed in instructions,so we should strengthen the medication monitoring and treating ADR timely to ensure the safety of patient medication. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis of 129 Cases of Adverse Drug Reactions Induced by Paclitaxel Injection in Patients with Breast Cancer in Our Hospital LIU Yan-song， ZHAO Kun， ZHANG Guo-qiang 2016, 13(3): 173-175.  Abstract ( 338 )   PDF (978KB) ( 325 )   Objective To research the characteristics of adverse drug reactions (ADRs) induced by paclitaxel injection. Methods 129 cases of ADRs induced by paclitaxel injection in our hospital were chosen. The information of patients’ age, drug administration program, time of occurrence, clinical manifestation of ADR were extracted and analyzed. Results In the 129 cases of ADRs, neurological and psychiatric system damage, skin and its appendages damage, liver damage, cardiovascular system damage and systemic injury were mainly involved. Alopecia, deadlimb and transaminase elevation were the most common ADRs. After taking the corresponding measures, these patients basically returned to normal. Conclusion The adverse reactions caused by paclitaxel injection were common and the characteristics were obvious. We should always pay attention to the patients ’ symptoms, give timely and effective treatment, so as to decrease the adverse reactions while exerting better efficacy. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Rationality and Safety of Oxaliplatin Prescription XU Yuan, CHEN Li, ZHU Hui, XU Wei-wei 2016, 13(3): 176-179.  Abstract ( 359 )   PDF (959KB) ( 161 )   Objective To evaluate rationality of the clinical use of oxaliplatin in our hospital. Methods Using the hospital information system, we collected cases of oxaliplatin from April 2014 to March 2015, and analyzed the rationality and safety. Results The cases of oxaliplatin were 531 in total. 120 cases were randomly selected for analysis. Indications were consistent with the drug instructions in 55 cases (45.83%). 65 cases (54.17%) off-label use, but consistent with the guidelines recommendation. Improper dosing frequency for 6 cases (5%) and improper dosage of administration for 3 cases (2.5%) were observed. 64 cases had adverse reactions, mainly involving the digestive system for 30 cases (25.00%), hematopoietic system for 46 cases (38.33%) and the nervous system for 13 cases (10.83%). There also were one case of phlebitis and one case of skin rash. Conclusion Off-label use of oxaliplatin is common in our hospital, most of which is evidence-based. It is urgent to strengthen the management of antineoplastic drugs,conduct real-time tracking and information feedback, and promote rational drug use. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on Stability of Xuebijing Injection Combined with Different Transfusions GAO Sheng-chuan, WANG Tong-chao 2016, 13(3): 180-182.  Abstract ( 1075 )   PDF (930KB) ( 926 )   Objective To explore the changes of insoluble particle numbers, pH value and clarity of Xuebijing injection in 5% glucose injection, 10% glucose injection, sodium chloride glucose injection and 0.9% sodium chloride injection respectively and to provide evidence for clinical application. Methods According to Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010) appendix IVC, the changes of Xuebijing mixed solutions were observed in particle numbers, pH value and clarity in clinically used concentrations on 0, 0.5 , 2 , 4 , 8 h and 24 h at room temperature. Results The number of insoluble particles in glucose injection was less than that in 0.9% sodium chloride injection. The number of insoluble particles in 10% glucose injection was less than that in 5% glucose injection. The Xuebijing injection was more stable when blended with 10% glucose injection. At room temperature, there were no significant changes in clarity and pH value, RSD<2%. The result was up to the requirement of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010) appendix IVC. The number of insoluble particles in Xuebijing injection exceeded the standard of Chinese Pharmacopoeia (2010) appendix IVC after being blended with 0.9% sodium chloride injection. Conclusion The suitable solvent for Xuebijing injection is 10% glucose injection,secondly 5% glucose injection. The Xuebijing solution should be used in 4 h after being mixed with solvents. References | Related Articles | Metrics