Literature Review and Risk Assessment of Hyoscymi Semen

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To summarize the researches of Hyoscymi Semen, and explore its risks in clinical practices. Methods The literatures of Hyoscyamus niger L. seeds were collected and summarized in the aspects of herbalogy, chemical constituents, pharmacology, toxicity, processing, and so on. Results Hyoscymi Semen has a long history of medicinal usage, which has been recorded in many ancient medical books. Modern studies have shown that hyoscine and atropine are the main composition mediating the pharmacological and toxic effects of Hyoscymi Semen. A lot of poisoning cases caused by accidental ingestion of high doses of Hyoscymi Semen. seeds have been reported, which were expressed as dry mouth, skin reddening, restlessness, tachycardia, dilated pupils, urinary retention, constipation, and even coma. It has been reported in the literatures that Hyoscymi Semen were primarily used in the external treatment of the lumps, pain, infection, fester of skin etc. Conclusion Hyoscymi Semen is documented as a hypertoxic drug in Chinese pharmacopoeia. There were many risks of Hyoscymi Semen in literatures such as poisoning induced by misidentification or misuse of easily confused medicinal materials, irrational usage and dosage as well as long-time application of Hyoscymi Semen in the treatment of injured skin as recorded in folk prescriptions, and furthermore, there were no acknowledged processing and poison reducing Methods of Hyoscymi Semen so far. The risks mentioned above should be seriously considered in the clinical application of Hyoscymi Semen.

Key words: Hyoscymi Semen, safety, review

CLC Number:

R932

JIANG YI-fan， GAO Jian-chao， TIAN Chun-hua， ZHAO Yan， PENG Dan-bing， XIA Dong-sheng. Literature Review and Risk Assessment of Hyoscymi Semen [J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2016, 13(3): 165-168.

References

[1] 国家药典委员会.中华人民共和国药典一部[S].北京:中国医药科技出版社,2010:57.
[2] 南京中医药大学.中药大辞典上册[M].上海:上海科学技术出版社, 2006:322.
[3]张大方,李超英,王本祥.现代中药药理学[M].天津:天津科学技术出版社, 1997:1516.
[4] 李惠芬,卢继新,张晓梅,等.五种不同产地天仙子总生物碱的含量分析[J].中草药,1999,30(8) :582-583.
[5] Sajeli B, Bhagawati S, Madhur G, et al. Study of anti-inflammatory, analgesic and antipyretic activities of seeds of Hyoscyamus Niger and isolation of a new coumarinolignan[J]. Fitoterapia,2009, 30(8): 178-184.
[6] Ma C Y, Liu W K, Che C T. Lignanamides and nonalkaloidal components of Hyoscyamus niger seeds [J].J Nat Prod,2002,65 (2): 206-209.
[7] A.U.Khan ,A.H.Gilani. Cardiovascular inhibitory effects of Hyoscyamus niger[J]. Methods Find Exp Clin Pharmacol ,2008,30(4):295-300.
[8] Taggart M J,Menice C B,Morgan K G,et al. Effects of metabolic inhibition on intracellular Ca2+,phosphorylation of myosin regulatory light chain and force in rat smooth muscle[J]. J Physiol,1997,499 (2) : 485-496.
[9] Ajay M, Gilani A H,Mustafa M R. Effects of flavonoids on vascular smooth muscle of the isolated rat thoracic aorta[J].Life Sci,2003,74 (5) : 603-612.
[10] Blumenthal M, Busse W R, Goldberg A, et al.The complete german commission E monographs [M]. Austin: American Botanical Council,1998: 146.
[11] Jellin J M, Gregory P, Batz F, et al. Pharmacist's letter/ pre-scriber’s letter natural medicines comprehensive database[M].3rd ed. Stockton,CA: Therapeutic Research Faculty,2000: 556.
[12] Reza HM, Mohammad H, Golnaz E, et al.Effect of methanolextract of Hyoscymus niger L.on the seizure induced by picritoxin inmice[J].Pak J Pharm Sci,2009,22(3) :308-312.
[13] Begum S, Saxena B, Goyal M, et al.Study of anti-inflammatory,analgesic and antipyretic activities of seeds of Hyoscyamusniger and isolation of a new coumarinolignan[J]. Fitoterapia,2010,81(3) : 178-84.
[14] 王岩,白宗利,李军,等.天仙子急性毒性、抗炎及镇痛作用研究[J]. 中国中医药杂志,2008,6(2) : 5-7.
[15] Gilani A H,Khan A U,Raoof M,et al. Gastrointestinal,selective airways and urinary bladder relaxant effects of Hyoscyamusniger are mediated through dual blockade of muscarinic receptors and Ca2 +channels[J].
Fundam Clin Pharmacol,2008,22(1): 87-99.
[16] 吴雄志,曹蕊,陈丹,等. 温阳解表与温中散寒中药麻黄和天仙子抗肿瘤作用机理研究[A].2013年全国中医肿瘤学术年
会论文集,北京:477-487.
[17] 郑升.天仙子抗肿瘤作用初步实验观察[J].中国肿瘤临床,1988,15(16):325-328.
[18] 杨丹. 天仙子炮制工艺及质量标准研究[D].辽宁:辽宁中医药大学,2010:1-138.
[19] 黄红芳.天仙子煎剂的抑菌作用研究[J].右江民族医学院学报,2009,11(2):186-187.
[20] 国家中医药管理局《中华本草》编委会.《中华本草》:精选[M].上海:上海科技出版社,1998:1973-1975.
[21] 王岩. 天仙子炮制原理初步探讨[D].辽宁:辽宁中医药大学, 2009:1-81.
[22] Longo V G.Behavioral and electroencephalographic effects of atropine and related compounds[J].Pharmacol Rev,1966,18(2): 965-996.
[23] 丁海梅,杨剑平,胡平. 天仙子外敷治疗软组织急性化脓性感染102例[J].中医外治杂志,2001,10(3):47.
[24] 黄少薇. 天仙子外敷治疗糖尿病皮肤溃疡的疗效观察[J].齐齐哈尔医学院学报,2001,22(12):1397-1398.
[25] 林佩卿.天仙子外敷治疗体表感染[J].基层医刊,1984,4(3):33-34.
[26] 许利纯.外用天仙子散治疗癌痛30例临床观察[J].湖南中医杂志,1995,11(2):8-9.
[27] 林文谋.中药天仙子的一种用法[J].中华护理杂志,1983,34(1):2.
[28] 吕耕苏,徐宁红,龙爱武. 天仙子联合湿润烧伤膏治疗化疗性静脉炎的疗效观察[J].当代护士, 2011,8(4):140-142.
[29] 王罕,谢建红,席海蓉. 红外线外照射加天仙子外敷治疗耳廓假性囊肿的疗效观察[J].江西医药,2008,43(12):1393-1394.
[30] 黄金眉. 颈总动脉快速推注复方天仙子注射液治疗癫痈271例的疗效评价[J].右江医学,1994,22(2):68-69.
[31] 赵家宏,陈兰芝. 天仙子在骨伤科杂症中的应用[J]. 黑龙江中医药, 1999, 28(3): 47.
[32] 赵家宏. 天仙子在骨外科中的应用[J]. 江西中医药, 2001, 32(1): 27.
[33] 康昭荣. 误服天仙子中毒[J]. 四川中医, 1984, 2(4): 24-25.
[34] 鹿树夏. 误服天仙子中毒报告[J]. 吉林中医药, 1988, 2(1): 21.
[35] 张立富. 误服天仙子致8人急性中毒报告[J]. 四川中医,1988,6(5):26.
[36] 边立荣. 幼儿天仙子中毒救治验案[J]. 内蒙古中医药, 1991, 10(3): 9.
[37] 孟玉凤,王清香. 误用天仙子中毒一例报告[J]. 河南中医药学刊,1994,9(3):54-55.
[38] 刘凤英,郎福文. 天仙子过量中毒1例[J].菏泽医专学报,1996,8(4):58.
[39] 霍忠怀,霍彬科. 中药天仙子中毒1例报告[J]. 陕西中医学院学报, 2003, 26(5): 56.
[40] 杨济,季绍良,冀春茹. 临证用药配伍指南[S].北京: 中国医药科技出版社,1994:987-988.
[41] 姚建元,姚秀丽.浅谈天仙子鉴别及其中毒与解救方法[J].黑龙江中医药,1999,28(5):61.
[42] 桑圣奇,张裕民.天仙子与沙苑子菟丝子不可混淆[J].中国药业,1999,8(5):17.
[43] 许瑞珍,时先芳.天仙子与菟丝子的鉴别[J].基层中药杂志,1996,10(3):12.
[44] 吴代全,补骨脂与天仙子的鉴别[J].四川中医,1987,5(5):46.
[45] 肖新月,杨兆起.南天仙子药材基源探讨[J].中国中药杂志,1997,22(3):141-142.
[46] 汪路明,金继红.天仙子与伪品麦瓶草种子的鉴别[J].基层中药杂志,1997,11(1):15.