中国药物警戒 ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 283-286.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2022.03.11

• 安全与合理用药 • 上一篇    下一篇

中药材科属与毒性关系探讨

张洪岐1, 刘颖2, 周超凡1,*   

  1. 1中国中医科学院中医基础理论研究所,北京 100700;
    2中国中医科学院中医药防治艾滋病研究中心,北京 100700
  • 收稿日期:2021-04-06 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-03-16
  • 通讯作者: *周超凡,男,研究员,教授,中医中药的基础理论研究。E-mail：1098171582@qq.com
  • 作者简介:张洪岐,女,在读硕士,中医药治疗病毒性疾病研究。
  • 基金资助:
    国家自然科学基金资助项目（82174221）; 中医药行业专项（201507005）

Relationships between family and class and toxicity of traditional Chinese herbal medicines

ZHANG Hongqi1, LIU Ying2, ZHOU Chaofan1,*   

  1. 1Institute of Basic Theory for Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China;
    2Research Center of AIDS Treatment with Traditional Chinese Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
  • Received:2021-04-06 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-03-16

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摘要： 目的 在科属分类下,对有毒中药材的毒性成分、不良反应、毒性相关因素等进行探讨,为探寻科属间共性、个性减毒机制以及临床安全、合理、精准用药提供借鉴。方法 参考《中华人民共和国药典》(2020年版),结合临床安全性和有效性研究,探讨中药材科属与毒性关系。结果 同科属的中药材毒性、减毒机制存在共性,研究整个科属的减毒机制可从共有毒性成分出发,有的放矢。中药材毒性还与炮制、用法、用量、配伍、机体阴阳平衡状态密切相关。结论 在中医药理论指导下,利用现代质量控制方法可从科属间对有毒中药材的毒性部位、毒性成分以及“量-效-毒”之间的关系进行研究,建立安全性指标;分析同科属有毒中药材的共性成分,探讨从共性到个性的减毒规律,充分了解和掌握中药的毒性和不良反应,更好地实现安全和合理用药。

关键词: 中药材, 科属, 毒性, 安全用药, 药品不良反应

Abstract: Objective To explore the common toxic components, adverse reactions and toxicity related factors of traditional Chinese herbal medicines (TCHMs) from the perspective of the family and class so as to provide data for research on the common properties between the family and class, the individual mechanism for detoxification and on safe, proper and accurate medications in clinic. Methods The Chinese Pharmacopoeia 2020 was consulted. Based on studies on the safety and effectiveness of TCHMs, the correlations between the family and class of TCHMs and their toxicity were revealed. Results The mechanisms of toxicity and detoxification of TCHMs in the same family and class had something in common. The research on the mechanism of detoxification was supposed to start with the shared toxicity that was related to the processing, usage, dosage, compatibility and the balance of yin and yang of the human body. Conclusion Under the guidance of TCM theories, modern methods for quality control can be used to study the toxic parts, toxic components and the relationships between “dose-effect-toxicity” of toxic TCHMs so as to establish safety criteria. By analyzing the common components of toxic TCHMs from the same family and class and by studying the regularities of detoxification, we can advance our understanding of the toxicity and adverse reactions of TCHMs in order to ensure safe and rational drug use.

Key words: traditional Chinese herbal medicine, family and class of TCHMs, toxicity, safety, adverse drug reaction

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