中国药物警戒 ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (2): 196-199.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2022.02.18

• 安全与合理用药 • 上一篇    下一篇

某三甲医院2009年至2019年药物相关过敏性休克报告分析与救治

滕威1, 逄晓云2,*   

  1. 1新疆维吾尔自治区人民医院药学部,新疆 乌鲁木齐 830001;
    2上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院药剂科,上海 200127
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-17 出版日期:2022-02-15 发布日期:2022-02-15
  • 通讯作者: *逄晓云,女,硕士,副主任药师,临床药学。E-mail：xiaoyunpang@126.com
  • 作者简介:滕威,男,硕士,副主任药师,临床药学和药品不良反应监测。

Analysis and treatment of drug- induced anaphylactic shock in a third-class hospital from 2009 to 2019

TENG Wei1, PANG Xiaoyun2,*   

  1. 1Department of Pharmacy, People's Hospital of Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region, Urumqi Xinjiang 830001, China;
    2Department of Pharmacy, Renji Hospital Affiliated to Medical College of Shanghai Jiaotong University, Shanghai 200127, China
  • Received:2020-04-17 Online:2022-02-15 Published:2022-02-15

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摘要： 目的 规范药物相关过敏性休克的预防、救治,促进临床用药安全、有效。方法 收集上海交通大学医学院附属仁济医院2009年1月1日至2019年12月31日期间通过国家药品不良反应监测系统上报的药物相关过敏性休克报告,对患者的一般资料、致敏药物、救治药物、转归等情况进行回顾性分析。结果 共纳入62例药物相关过敏性休克报告,患者性别男56例,女6例,男∶女=9.33∶1,年龄主要分布在60岁以上（61.29%）。过敏性休克的发生时间平均为（9.90±11.44）min,主要发生在用药初期<10 min（74.2%）。在药物救治方面,使用肾上腺素救治的病例为36例（58.06%）,大多数27例（75%）给药途径为静脉推注,其次为肌内注射3例（8.35%）。在27例静脉推注和3例肌内注射的报告中,单次剂量都偏大。治愈或好转占98.38%。结论 过敏性休克通常发生迅速且严重,在重视不良反应预防的同时,必须重视过敏性休克的正确抢救,及时规范使用肾上腺素,保障患者的生命安全。

关键词: 药物相关过敏性休克, 肾上腺素, 药品不良反应

Abstract: Objective To standardize the prevention and treatment of drug-related anaphylactic shock, so as to ensure the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication. Methods The drug-related anaphylactic shock reports reported by Renji Hospital, Shanghai Jiaotong University School of Medicine through the National Adverse Drug Reaction Monitoring System from January 1, 2009 to December 31, 2019 were collected. The general information, sensitizing drugs, treatment drugs and prognosis of the patients were retrospectively analyzed. Results A total of 62 reports of drug-related anaphylactic shock were included. The sexes of the patients were 56 males and 6 females. The ratio of males to females was 9.33∶1. The ages were mainly distributed over 60 years old (61.29%). The average time of anaphylactic shock was (9.90±11.44) min, and it mainly occurred in the initial stage of medication <10 min (74.2%). In terms of drug treatment, 36 cases (58.06%) were treated with epinephrine, and most (27 cases, 75%) were administered by intravenous bolus injection, followed by intramuscular injection (3 cases, accounting for 8.35%) . In the reports of 27 cases of intravenous bolus injection and 3 cases of intramuscular injection, the single dose was too large. Outcome: cured or improved accounted for 98.38%. Conclusion Anaphylactic shock usually occurs quickly and severely. While paying attention to the prevention of adverse reactions, it is necessary to pay attention to the correct rescue of anaphylactic shock and regulate the use of epinephrine in time to ensure the safety of patients.

Key words: drug-induced anaphylactic shock, epinephrine, adverse drug reaction

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