中国药物警戒 ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (3): 322-324.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2022.03.20

• 安全与合理用药 • 上一篇    下一篇

631例抗精神病药物药品不良反应分析

曹莉莎, 王继生, 张芳, 陈静, 郭濠宁   

  1. 四川省精神卫生中心,绵阳市第三人民医院临床药学科,四川 绵阳 621000
  • 收稿日期:2020-04-26 出版日期:2022-03-15 发布日期:2022-03-16
  • 作者简介:曹莉莎,女,硕士,主管药师,临床药学。E-mail：285714739@qq.com

Adverse drug reactions caused by antipsychotic drugs in 631 cases

CAO Lisha, WANG Jisheng, ZHANG Fang, CHEN Jing, GUO Haoning   

  1. Department of Clinical Pharmacy, the Third Hospital of Mianyang, Sichuan Mental Health Center, Mianyang Sichuan 621000, China
  • Received:2020-04-26 Online:2022-03-15 Published:2022-03-16

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摘要： 目的 分析抗精神病药物致药品不良反应发生特点、规律及影响因素。方法 对绵阳市第三人民医院 2015年1月1日至2019年12月31日上报至国家药品不良反应监测系统的631例抗精神病药物的药品不良反应报告进行统计分析。结果 631例患者中,女性发生率（52.93%,334例）略高于男性（47.07%,297例）（P<0.01）。20~60岁者居多,共475例,占75.28%。药品不良反应发生时间多集中在用药15 d以内,占62.44%。631例患者共发生679例次药品不良反应,涉及前3位的药品是利培酮、奥氮平、氯氮平;累及系统-器官以锥体外系反应最为常见（218例次）,其次是便秘（101例次）。结论 非典型抗精神病药物已逐渐成为抗精神病治疗的主要药物,该类药物与其他精神疾病类药物联合使用时,锥体外系反应发生率大幅提高,提示医务工作者应引起相应的重视。

关键词: 抗精神病药物, 药品不良反应, 合理用药

Abstract: Objective To analyze the characteristics, regularity and influencing factors of adverse drug reactions (ADR) caused by antipsychotics in our hospital over the past five years. Methods Six hundred and thirty-one reports of antipsychotics-related ADR submitted by our hospital to the national ADR monitoring network between 2015 and 2019 were statistically analyzed. Results Among the 631 cases, the percentage of females was 52.93% (334 cases), compared with (47.07%) (297 cases) for males (P < 0.01). The majority of the patients (475) were aged 20~60, accounting for 75.28%. ADR mostly occurred within 15 days of medication, accounting for 62.44%. 631 patients developed 679 ADR, and risperidone, olanzapine and clozapine were the top three drugs responsible for these ADR. Extrapyramidal reactions were the most common (218 cases), followed by constipation (101 cases). Conclusion Atypical antipsychotics have gradually become the main antipsychotic drugs. When they are combined with other psychiatric drugs, the incidence of extrapyramidal reactions is greatly increased, which deserves more attention.

Key words: antipsychotic drugs, adverse drug reactions, rational clinical use

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