Abstract: Objective To explore the causes of drug fever and rhabdomyolysis among patients with lung abscess during anti-infective treatment so as to provide reference for clinical rational use of drugs. Methods The process of monitoring one patient with lung abscess by a clinical pharmacist was retrospectively analyzed, related literature was retrieved, and the causes of adverse reactions of piperacillin-tazobactam and moxifloxacin as well as ways of safe clinical application with reference to the patient's condition were discussed. Results When antibiotics were used, especially β -lactams such as piperacillin and tazobactam, the likelihood of drug fever should be considered if the body temperature rose suddenly. Rhabdomyolysis caused by moxifloxacin might have been related to its chemical structure, so infusion speed had to be controlled and the drug withdrawn in time in case of adverse reactions. Conclusion Clinicians should be alert to the adverse drug reactions that may occur during anti-infective treatment. Clinical pharmacists are expected to consult literature to find evidence for the safety and effectiveness of clinical medication.

Key words: piperacillin-tazobactam, moxifloxacin, drug fever, rhabdomyolysis, pharmaceutical care, adverse drug reaction