Analysis of 48 Cases of Drug Eruptions Induced by Amoxicillin

doi:10.19803/j.1672-8629.2020.09.09

Abstract

Abstract: Objective To investigate the characteristics of amoxicillin-related drug eruptions and provide reference for the corresponding prevention and treatment of adverse drug reactions. Methods Analysis of inpatients admitted to a tertiary hospital between 2016 and 2018 for drug eruptions was conducted. Cases of amoxicillin-related drug eruptions were screened out, and patients' conditions and treatment outcomes were analyzed. The related data was obtained from the Hospital Information System (HIS). Results It was found that there were 48 cases of amoxicillin-related drug eruptions among the hospitalized patients, 41 of which involved amoxicillin and 7 involved amoxicillin/ clavulanate potassium. The mean age of the patients was 42.94 ± 20.78 years old. Among them, 14 patients had a previous history of allergy to amoxicillin or penicillin (29.2%). Respiratory tract infections and Helicobacter pylori infections were the main reason for medication. The incubation period of drug eruptions was within 1 day in 35.56% of the patients, and within 7 days in 86.67% of the patients after administration. The average length of hospital stay was 8.42±4.83 days, and cumulative dose of glucocorticoids (in terms of hydrocortisone) used during the hospital stay was 1 580.00(625.00, 2 470.00) mg. There was no statistically significant difference in the length of hospital stay(P =0.797)or the cumulative dose of glucocorticoids(P =0.977) between cases of drug eruptions related to amoxicillin and amoxicillin/ clavulanate potassium respectively. More patients were found to have abnormal levels of white blood cells (68.75%) and liver biochemical examination (29.17%). Conclusion The incubation period of amoxicillin-related drug eruptions is generally short, and it is within one week in most patients. There are no significant differences in severity and treatment outcomes of drug eruptions between amoxicillin and amoxicillin/clavulanate potassium. In case of drug eruptions, we need to be alert to blood system abnormalities and liver damage. Drug eruptions can have good prognosis after quick diagnosis and treatment. Attention must be paid to the patient's allergy history when such antibiotics as amoxicillin are prescribed.

Key words: amoxicillin, drug eruption, adverse reactions

CLC Number:

R994.11

ZHU Dongchun, SUN Xuqun, JIANG Haifeng, WANG Yushan, FANG Xianjun, XIA Quan. Analysis of 48 Cases of Drug Eruptions Induced by Amoxicillin[J]. Chinese Journal of Pharmacovigilance, 2020, 17(9): 583-588.

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