中国药物警戒 ›› 2022, Vol. 19 ›› Issue (7): 779-781.
DOI: 10.19803/j.1672-8629.2022.07.18

• 安全与合理用药 • 上一篇    下一篇

儿童误服药物调查及防范措施

王忠兰1, 王钰1, 郝丽娜1, 胡利华2, 王晓玲2#, 赵志刚3,*   

  1. 1山东大学附属儿童医院,山东 济南 250022;
    2首都医科大学附属北京儿童医院,北京 100045;
    3首都医科大学附属北京天坛医院,北京 100070
  • 收稿日期:2020-09-10 出版日期:2022-07-15 发布日期:2022-07-12
  • 通讯作者: *赵志刚,男,博士,教授·博导,临床药学与药事管理。E-mail：1022zzg@sina.com;#为共同通信作者。
  • 作者简介:王忠兰,女,硕士,主管药师,临床药学。
  • 基金资助:
    中国医药新闻信息协会儿童安全用药分会课题基金（20180002）

Taking wrong medicines by children and precautions

WANG Zhonglan1, WANG Yu1, HAO Lina1, HU Lihua2, WANG Xiaoling2#, ZHAO Zhigang3,*   

  1. 1Children's Hospital Affiliated to Shandong University, Jinan Shandong 250022, China;
    2Children's National Medical Center, Beijing Children's Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100045, China;
    3Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100070, China
  • Received:2020-09-10 Online:2022-07-15 Published:2022-07-12

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摘要： 目的 调查家庭备用药品管理及儿童用药行为中存在的问题,探讨避免或减少儿童误服药物的对策,促进儿童安全用药。方法 采取抽样的方法,调查山东省16个地市0~18岁儿童家庭备用药品储备情况、儿童误服药物现状及儿童安全用药行为等,并对数据进行统计分析。结果 共获得有效问卷3 005份。92.41%被调查家庭有备用药品,主要是儿童感冒药（88.33%）、儿童退烧止痛药（内服）（67.81%）、成人药（59.7%）和儿童止咳化痰药（58.26%）等;4.83%儿童发生过误服药物的情况,其中66.9%为1~3岁儿童,13.79%为4~6岁儿童;城市儿童与农村儿童误服率具有显著性差异（P<0.05）;误服药物主要包括感冒药（31.72%）、止咳化痰药（17.24%）、退热止痛药（16.55%）等;误服药物的类型主要是品种错误（41.38%）、过量使用（31.72%）以及用药途径错误（12.41%）等;儿童误服药物的原因主要是主动误服（44.14%）。结论 家庭备用药物管理及儿童用药行为中存在很大隐患,建议通过鼓励儿童专用药品研发、改进药品包装、加强儿童安全用药宣传教育等多个层面防范儿童误服药物的发生,保障儿童安全用药。

关键词: 家庭备用药品, 儿童, 误服药物, 防范措施, 安全用药

Abstract: Objective To investigate the problems with the use of commonly-used medicines at home and children's medication behaviors and to explore the countermeasures for reducing the incidence of taking wrong medicines by children. Methods Convenience sampling was adopted to investigate the storage of commonly-used medicines at home, the incidence of children taking wrong medicines and ways of safe medications among children ages 0 to 18 in 16 cities in Shandong Province. The data was statistically analyzed. Results A total of 3 005 valid questionnaires were obtained 92.41% of the families surveyed stored commonly-used medicines, including medicines for children's colds (88.33%), antipyretic and analgesic medicines for children (67.81%), adult medicines (59.7%) , and those for cough and phlegm (58.26%).4.83% of the children surveyed had the experience of taking wrong medicines, 66.9% of whom were aged 1 to 3, and 13.79% 4 to 6. There was significant difference in the incidence of taking the wrong medicines between urban and rural kids (P<0.05). Medicines taken by mistake included medicines for colds (31.72%), for cough and phlegm (17.24%), and antipyretic and analgesic ones (16.55%). The incidence of taking wrong medicines was the highest(41.38%), followed by overdose (31.72%) and wrong routes of administration (12.41%). The main reason was that children took wrong drugs themselves (44.14%). Conclusion There are hidden hazards in the management of commonly-used drugs at home and the medication behavior of children. It is suggested that the research and development of pharmaceuticals intended for children be promoted, packaging of drugs be improved, and ways to ensure safe medication among children be made better-known.

Key words: commonly-used medicines at home, children, take wrong medicine, precautions, safe medication

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