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20 July 2017, Volume 14 Issue 7 Previous Issue    Next Issue

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Protective Effect of Perindopril on Myocardium Collagen During the Early Phase of Ventricular Remodeling after Myocardial Infarction of Rats GENG Tao, LIU Jian-gang, ZHANG Lei 2017, 14(7): 385-388.  Abstract ( 348 )   PDF (857KB) ( 170 )   Objective To investigate the protective effect of perindopril on myocardium collagen during the early phase of ventricular remodeling (VR) after myocardial infarction of rats. Methods 60 Wistar rats were divided into 4 groups randomly: which were blank group, sham operation group, model group and perindopril group. The model was established through ligating the left anterior descending coronary of rats. Meanwhile, suture was penetrated around the left anterior but not tied in sham operation group. Intragastrical administration started from the next day after model establishment, once a day for 4 weeks. The dosage of intragastrical administration in perindopril group was 0.36 mg·kg-1, the other groups were given intragastric administration with equivalent distilled water. After 4 weeks, left ventricular mass index(LVMI) was tested, myocardium pathology was made by hematoxylin and eosin stain, the content of precollagen Ⅲ and collagen Ⅳ in serum were tested by radio-immunity method, expression of collagenⅠand Ⅲ in ischemic myocardium were tested by immunohistochemical method. Results Compared with sham operation group, left ventricular mass and LVMI in model group increased significantly, the expression of collagenⅠ and collagen Ⅲ and precollagen Ⅲ increased significantly(P <0.01). Compared with model group, the LVMI decreased significantly from 3.32 mg·g-1 to 2.55 mg·g-1 and content of precollagen Ⅲ decreased from 55.96 μg·L-1 to 45.61 μg·L-1 in perindopril group. Moreover, the expression of collagenⅠ and collagen Ⅲ were inhibited in perindopril group(P<0.05, P <0.01). Conclusion Perindopril can play the role of protecting ischemic myocardium and inhibiting VR after AMI by decreasing the LVMI and content of precollagen Ⅲ, inhibiting the expression of collagenⅠ and collagen Ⅲ in rats. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Enhancement of Murine and Rat Anti-tumor Immunity Induced by Arctigenin LI Tao, CHENG Guo-liang, DONG Fang LI Min, WANG Ping-ping, YAO Jing-chun 2017, 14(7): 389-393.  Abstract ( 355 )   PDF (883KB) ( 162 )   Objective To explore a new method evaluating the anti-tumor immunological effects of arctigenin in SD rats and ICR mice. Methods SD rats were treated with arctigenin subcutaneously. Simultaneously, the rats were immunized with human tumor cells by intraperitoneal injection every 3 days. Immunized for 3 times, rats were kept on treating with arctigenin for another week. Then after 4 days, white cells and serum of rats were harvested and co-cultured with human tumor cells. Content of lactic dehydrogenase in the supernatant was detected. H22TCL was prepared from H22 melanoma cells by freezing-thaw. ICR mice were randomly divided into 6 groups and administrated with arctigenin for 10 days. On day 1、4 and 7, mice were injected intraperitoneally with H22TCL. On day 10, H22 cells were injected to the right flank of mice. On the twentieth day, the incidence of tumor in mice were monitored. Results Arctigenin and ginsenoside Rg3 can enhance LDH releasing. Arctigenin can reduce the incidence of mice bearing H22 tumor. Conclusion We explore a new simple way to evaluate effects of antitumor drugs on immune system, and arctiin reduced the incidence of tumor in mice, thus confirming the effects of arctiene aglycone on the body's immune system and improving the animal's anti-tumor immunity; arctigenin can improve the immune response to suppress tumor cells. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Compare of Antioxidant and Anti-inflammatory Activity of Different Phellinus GUO Shan-shan, Rausch W D 2017, 14(7): 394-398.  Abstract ( 451 )   PDF (1059KB) ( 409 )   Objective To evaluate the antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities of water extracts and alcohol extracts of Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus linteus. Methods The antioxidant activity of fungi was determined by ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) and 1-diphenyl-2-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) radical scavenging activity. The anti-inflammatory activity of the fungi was detected by LPS-induced NO release method. Results In the anti-oxidant activity assay, the Trolox equivalent anti-oxidant capacity (TEAC) of water extracts of Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus linteus were determined to be (374.06±2.29) and (355.40±2.18) μmol TEAC·g-1 extract respectively. TEAC of alcohol extracts were determined to be (408.82±6.91) and (414.69±2.58)μmol TEAC·g-1 extract respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging capability (IC50) of water extracts of Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus linteus were 7.78 and 8.04 mg·mL-1 respectively. DPPH free radical scavenging capability of alcohol extracts of Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus linteus (IC50) were 7.78 and 8.04 mg·mL-1 respectively. Water and alcohol extracts of Phellinus igniarius treatment (100, 50, 25 μg·mL-1) decreased NO formation and cell viability significantly (P <0.01 or P<0.05). Water extracts of Phellinus linteus treatment (100, 50, 25, 12.5 μg·mL-1) decreased NO formation and cell viability significantly (P<0.01). Alcohol extracts of Phellinus linteus treatment (25, 12.5 μg·mL-1) decreased NO formation and increased cell viability significantly (P<0.01). Conclusion The water extracts and alcohol extracts of Phellinus igniarius and Phellinus linteus showed antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Retrospective Analysis about Efficacy and Safety of Venlafaxine and Duloxetine in Treatment of Senile Functional Dyspepsia ZHAO Fei, TU Ji-jun 2017, 14(7): 399-401.  Abstract ( 383 )   PDF (755KB) ( 213 )   Objective To evaluate the clinical efficacy and safety of venlafaxine and duloxetine in the treatment of senile functional dyspepsia (FD). Methods Retrospective analysis the data of 96 cases senile functional dyspepsia which had treated in a hospital, from June 2015 to September 2016. All patients divided into venlafaxine group and duloxetine group. The venlafaxine treated with basic treatment+venlafaxine, while duloxetine treated with basic treatment+duloxetine, continuously for 12 weeks. Compared the PHQ-9 scores and adverse reaction, the the difference of curative effect between two groups analyzed by linear regression analysis. Results After treatment, the PHQ-9 scores of duloxetine group was significantly lower than venlafaxine group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). The non-depression rate of duloxetine group was higher than venlafaxine group, and the difference was statistically significant (P <0.05). Regression analysis showed that the efficacy of duloxetine group was about 2 times that of venlafaxine group, and had statistically significant (P <0.05). The effective rate of duloxetine group was significantly higher than venlafaxine group (P <0.05), and there was no serious adverse reaction in the two groups during treatment. Conclusion Compared with venlafaxine, duloxetine has better efficacy and less adverse effects in the treatment of FD. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation and Reflection on the Demand of Public Reporting of Adverse Drug Reaction in China WANG Cheng-gang, WANG Dong-fang, XU Li-li, WANG Xiao-jun, WU Shi-fu, WANG Ling, TIAN Yue-jie, LI Yu-ji, LIU Hong-liang, LU Chang-fei 2017, 14(7): 402-406.  Abstract ( 480 )   PDF (1035KB) ( 310 )   Objective To investigate the prevalence of adverse drug reactions (ADR) in public, and to analyze the necessity and feasibility of implementing public reports of adverse reactions in China. Methods By quota sampling, questionnaire survey was used in public and ADR monitoring staff in order to obtain information about the current situation , treatment Methods and public reporting demands of adverse reactions. Statistical Methods such as statistical tables, statistical graphs, chi-square test and rank sum test were used to deal with the data. Results 5 394 public questionnaires and 185 monitoring staff questionnaires were received. 2 032 (37.7%) of the respondents or his family had occurred ADR. If adverse reactions occur, only 17.5% of the respondents directly reporttoinstitutions of ADR monitoring or FDA, and other 16.2%did not know the reporting Methods. In 2015, public reports accounted for only 0.11% of all adverse reactions reported. 78.0% of the monitoring institutions and 87.0% of the public that thought a public reporting system for adverse reactions necessary,with 47.5% of the provincial monitoring institutions indicate they can undertake this work. Conclusion we should pay more attention to the propaganda of the public reports of adverse reactions to improve the public awareness of adverse reactions and self-protection awareness. And at the same time we should perfect the legal system of adverse reaction monitoring, and gradually establish a public reporting mechanism for adverse reactions. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Research on the Public Reporting Model for Adverse Drug Reactions in China WU Shi-fu, WANG Ling, LI Yu-ji, TIAN Yue-jie, LIU Hong-liang, WANG Xiao-jun, CHANG Hong, WANG Cheng-gang, LU Chang-fei, XU Li-li, ZHAO Yu-juan, ZHAO Hui-rong 2017, 14(7): 407-412.  Abstract ( 468 )   PDF (886KB) ( 339 )   Objective To establish a public reporting model for adverse drug reactions in China. Methods Analyze the roles and characteristics of public reporting by retrieve the situation of public reporting of adverse drug reactions in developed countries, and carry out a questionnaire survey to understand the needs of the public and adverse drug reaction monitoring institutions in China. Results Public reporting of adverse drug reactions is an important part of the voluntary reporting system in developed countries, with the effect of reducing the rate of omission, supplementing the report of professionals and enhancing the strength of the risk signal. It's encouraged for the public to report adverse drug reactions in China. Several monitoring agencies had explored and carried out relevant works. The public reporting model with a variety of ways to report and grading audit evaluation was established. Conclusion We should pay attention to the roles of public reporting of adverse drug reactions, and steadily promote the public reporting with strengthening the construction of the relevant laws and regulations, technical specifications, information platform and the talent team. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Investigation and Reflection on the Way and Content of Public Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions in China WANG Xiao-jun, LU Chang-fei, ZHAO Yu-juan, WU Shi-fu, WANG Ling, TIAN Yue-jie, LI Yu-ji, LIU Hong-liang, Ding Chang-ling, WANG Dong-fang, WANG Cheng-gang 2017, 14(7): 413-418.  Abstract ( 431 )   PDF (1062KB) ( 357 )   Objective To find the proper reporting Methods, reporting contents and feedback ways of public reporting of adverse drug reactions(ADR) in China, so as to provide reference for the establishment of a public reporting model of ADR. Methods Questionnaire survey was carried out in public and the ADR monitoring staff by quota sampling. Results For reporting Methods, the public tended by telephone (74.2%), WeChat official account (68.7%) and Internet site (66.0%); and 54.6% of the monitoring agency chosen the Internet site to report. For reporting contents, 42.6% of the public was willing to provide personal information except the ID number. 47.6% of the monitoring agencies considered that the ID number was not required, and 97.9% of agencies thought that the telephone number of the reporter or contact person was necessary. 80.2% of the public could provide injury performance, but only 34.2% could provide product information such as product name, batch, manufacturer and 24.3% of injury information. 30.5% of the public need information feedback. Conclusion A variety of reporting ways, such as the phone, WeChat public number, and Internet should be provided when public reporting of ADR is working. The contents of the report should be designed to be easy to obtain and necessary parameters for analysis and evaluation according to the characteristics of public. The relevant information should be fed back to the public. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Analysis and Reflection on the Current Situation of International Public Reporting of Adverse Drug Reactions CHANG Hong, TIAN Yue-jie, LIU Hong-liang, WU Shi-fu, WANG Ling, LI Yu-ji, WANG Xiao-jun, WANG Bing-jie, ZHAO Ru-min, ZHAO Hui-rong, ZHANG Yun-duan 2017, 14(7): 419-423.  Abstract ( 540 )   PDF (802KB) ( 398 )   A relatively perfect adverse drug reactions monitoring system has been established in China. The public was encouraged to report adverse drug reactions in our country while the number of the public reports was very small over the years. To provide reference for the establishment of public reporting model of adverse drug reactions in China, current situations of the public reporting of adverse drug reactions in the developed countries mainly including the United States, Canada, Australia and the UK was analyzed, and the laws and regulations, the reporting ways and the reporting forms were summarized. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Study on Legal Responsibility of Drug Clinical Trials in America SUN Yu-xin, WEI Feng-fang, YANG Yue 2017, 14(7): 424-429.  Abstract ( 516 )   PDF (377KB) ( 562 )   Objective To conduct an in-depth analysis of drug clinical trial illegal punishment system in the United States, so as to perfect legal liability system of drug clinical trials in our country. Methods Through the review of the laws and regulations of the United States and the guidance of the law, the paper analyzed the applicable situation and punishment of different subjects' legal liability, and put forward some suggestions. Results The study found that the legal system of clinical trials in U S clearly stipulated the key responsible persons(RPs), including sponsors, investigators and IRBs. For minor violations or fraud, FDA usually communicates with RPs by letters, disqualification process or the AIP process. For serious criminal or counterfeiting will face withcriminal penalties. Conclusion China should identify the key responsible person, and promote the responsibility of RPs and establishment of readily accessible transparency system. Furthermore, we should guide RPs to solve minor problem by flexible communication process. The rigid criminal penalty system and the industry blacklist should be effectively established. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Overview of Dugs Increasing the Risk of VTE or Thrombosis in Patients with Cancer CUI Xiang-li, WAN Zi-rui, HOU Ke-lu, YANG Hui, YU Xiao-jia, ZHENG Yun-ying, LIU Li-hong*, YANG Yuan-hua 2017, 14(7): 430-434.  Abstract ( 274 )   PDF (771KB) ( 345 )   Venous thromboembolism(VTE) is a frequent and potential life threatening complication associated with tumor malignancies. In patients with cancer, VTE portends a poor prognosis, in fact, only 12% of those who suffer an event will survive beyond one year. There are several different risk factors for the development of VTE in cancer patients that are well-described in the literature. Cancer is often associated with hypercoagulability due to changes in coagulation factors, local venous stasis, surgery, and the presence of a central venous catheter. In addition, chemotherapy drugs may further increase the risk of thromboembolic disease. The annual incidence of VTE in patients receiving chemotherapy is estimated at 11%. This risk can climb to 20% or higher depending on the type of drugs being administered. In addition to chemotherapy, there are many other anti-neoplastic and supportive therapies that are also associated with an increased risk for the development of VTE. At present, several original basic science studies and clinical trials are underway in an effort to enhance our understanding of the mechanisms by which different chemotherapeutic agents can generate a prothrombotic state. The purpose of this article is to review the pertinent literature related to VTE in malignancy, chemotherapy and other cancer-related treatments associated with VTE, and to provide reference for prevention of thrombosis risk in medication therapy of tumors. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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Evaluation on Status of Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycinin in Our Hospital Based on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin of China CHU Yan-qi, WANG Zhi-zhou, SHEN Jiang-hua, ZHANG Miao, ZHANG Qing-xia, ZENG Yan, YAN Su-ying 2017, 14(7): 435-438.  Abstract ( 567 )   PDF (739KB) ( 302 )   Objective To evaluate the status of therapeutic drug monitoring of vancomycin in our hospital based on Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin of China, so as to provide the basis for clinical rational and effective use of vancomycin. Methods According to the Therapeutic Drug Monitoring of Vancomycin recommendation, all discharged cases data of the use of vancomycin in the hospital from July 2016 to December 2016 were retrospectively investigated. We analyzed the relationship between blood drug concentration of vancomycin and timing of collecting serum, and the relationship between the risk of acute kidney injury with the body mass index, renal function state and a critical condition in the group without blood drug concentration monitoring of vancomycin. Results There were 408 cases that used vancomycin． 107 cases were monitored blood drug concentration, the monitoring percentage is 26.2%. All these patients were monitored 197 times,of which 76 (38.58%) times of blood sampling in 48~72 h after dosing. 301 cases who used vancomycin were not monitored blood drug concentration, among which 51 cases (16.94%) of obese patients, 36 cases(11.96%) of renal insufficiencypatients, 86 cases (28.57%) of APACHE II score more than 20. But these patients should be monitored blood drug concentration of vancomycin. Conclusion The condition of vancomycin monitoring of blood drug concentration has a gap between our hospitaland guidelines recommendation, especially for obesity, renal insufficiency, and severe illness, we should strengthen the monitoring, to ensure the effectiveness of vancomycin use and to reduce the occurrence of kidney toxicity. References | Related Articles | Metrics

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The Post-Marketing Surveillance of Human Papilloma Virus Vaccine WANG Ya-li 2017, 14(7): 439-442.  Abstract ( 468 )   PDF (684KB) ( 376 )   Objective To provide information for the post-marketing surveillance ofhuman papilloma virus (HPV) vaccine in China. Methods The data of HPV vaccine of post-market surveillance from other countries, especially of passive surveillance system, and the hotspots of safety issues were summarized in the paper. Results and Conclusion HPV vaccine is one of the most import methods to againstcervical cancer and has been introduced in the national immunization programme of many countries. Based on the surveillance data, the most common adverse events following vaccination are slight and unserious. However the causality association between HPV vaccine and autoimmune diseases and primary ovarian failure should be evaluated based on more studies. References | Related Articles | Metrics